Hypothesis: Smoking reduces Vitamin D, which activates EBV, which causes lung cancer
Epstein–Barr Virus Infection in Lung Cancer: Insights and Perspectives
Pathogens 2022, 11(2), 132; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11020132
by Julio C. Osorio 1ORCID,Rancés Blanco 2,Alejandro H. Corvalán 3ORCID,Juan P. Muñoz 4,Gloria M. Calaf 4,5ORCID andFrancisco Aguayo 6,*
1 Population Registry of Cali, Department of Pathology, Universidad del Valle, Cali 760042, Colombia
2 Laboratorio de Oncovirología, Programa de Virología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
3 Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8320000, Chile
4 Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
5 Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
6 Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile
Lung cancer (LC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Tobacco smoke is the most frequent risk factor etiologically associated with LC, although exposures to other environmental factors such as arsenic, radon or asbestos are also involved. Additionally, the involvement of some viral infections such as high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs), Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV), Jaagsiekte Sheep Retrovirus (JSRV), John Cunningham Virus (JCV), and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) has been suggested in LC, though an etiological relationship has not yet been established. EBV is a ubiquitous gamma herpesvirus causing persistent infections and some lymphoid and epithelial tumors. Since EBV is heterogeneously detected in LCs from different parts of the world, in this review we address the epidemiological and experimental evidence of a potential role of EBV. Considering this evidence, we propose mechanisms potentially involved in EBV-associated lung carcinogenesis. Additional studies are warranted to dissect the role of EBV in this very frequent malignancy
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See also VitaminDWiki
Smoking reduces vitamin D - many studies
Lung and Vitamin D – Special Issue Dec 2011
Lung Cancer is up to 7 X more deadly if poor vitamin D genes – Oct 2021 poor genes also decreases Vitamin D to lung cells
Cancer - Lung category listing has items along with related searches
VitaminDWiki titles with EPSTEIN or EBV (16 as of March 2022 )
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