COVID maximum downregulation of Vitamin D receptor and CYP27B1 resulted in death
The Distinct Regulation of the Vitamin D and Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors in COVID-19
Nutrients 2024 Feb 22;16(5):598. doi: 10.3390/nu16050598.
Oliver Robak 1, Marie-Theres Kastner 1, Astrid Voill-Glaninger 2, André Viveiros 2, Christoph Steininger 1 3
Background: SARS-CoV-2 affects several immune pathways, including the vitamin D (VDR) and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathways (AhR). The aim of the study was the evaluation of the VDR and AhR pathways in the blood of COVID-19 patients with regard to the severity of disease.
Methods: Observational, single-center, case-control design. A total of 240 samples were selected for exploration. Patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 but suffered from other respiratory infections (ORIs) served as a control group.
Results: VDR-specific mRNA in the blood of patients with mild symptoms (131.2 ± 198.6) was significantly upregulated relative to the VDR expression of the ORI group (23.24 ± 42.60; p < 0.0001); however, VDR expression of critically ill patients showed an impaired upregulation (54.73 ± 68.34; p < 0.001). CYP27B1 expression was not significantly regulated during SARS-CoV-2 infection. There was a downregulation of VDR and CYP27B1 compared to survivors. There was no significant difference in 25(OH)-vitamin D3 levels between critically ill patients with regard to survival (24.3 ± 9.4 vs. 27.1 ± 11.3; p = 0.433).
Conclusion: The VDR and AhR pathways are distinctively regulated in patients suffering from COVID-19 depending on the severity of disease. A combination treatment of antiviral drugs and vitamin D substitution should be evaluated for potentially improved prognosis in COVID-19.
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VitaminDWiki – CYP27B1 category contains
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Note: COVID protects itself by downregulating VDR and CYP27B1 (and 100+ genes)
Both downregulations reduce Vitamin D in cells but NOT the Vitamin D measurement
VitaminDWiki - studies in both categories Virus and Vitamin D Receptor
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VitaminDWiki - studies in both categories Virus and Genetics
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