Calcium and Vitamin D in the Regulation of Energy Balance: Where Do We Stand?
Int. J. Molecular. Sci. 2014, 15(3), 4938-4945; doi:10.3390/ijms15034938 (doi registration under processing)
Mario J. Soares m.soares@curtin.edu.au , Kaveri Pathak †email and Emily K. Calton †email
Directorate of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food Science, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth 6845, Australia
Received: 19 February 2014; in revised form: 11 March 2014 / Accepted: 13 March 2014 / Published: 20 March 2014
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Control of Metabolism)
There is a pandemic of obesity and associated chronic diseases. Dietary calcium and vitamin D have many extra-skeletal roles in human health. In this review we have summarized the current understanding of their influence on human energy balance by examining the epidemiological, clinical, animal, cellular and molecular evidence. We opine that while calcium and vitamin D are functional nutrients in the battle against obesity, there is a need for prospective human trials to tilt the balance of evidence in favour of these nutrients.
PDF is attached at the bottom of this page
See also VitaminDWiki
- Obesity category listing and links to other categories
- Weight reduction review – Vitamin D and Calcium may help – July 2011 has the following, earlier chart
- Overview Obesity and Vitamin D contains the following summary
- FACT: People who are obese have less vitamin D in their blood
- FACT: Obese need a higher dose of vitamin D to get to the same level of vit D
- FACT: When obese people lose weight the vitamin D level in their blood increases
- FACT: Adding Calcium, perhaps in the form of fortified milk, often reduces weight
- FACT: 168 trials for vitamin D intervention of obesity as of Dec 2021
- FACT: Less weight gain by senior women with > 30 ng of vitamin D
- FACT: Dieters lost additional 5 lbs if vitamin D supplementation got them above 32 ng - RCT
- FACT: Obese lost 3X more weight by adding $10 of Vitamin D
- FACT: Those with darker skins were more likely to be obese Sept 2014
- OBSERVATION: Low Vitamin D while pregnancy ==> more obese child and adult
- OBSERVATION: Many mammals had evolved to add fat and vitamin D in the autumn
- and lose both in the Spring - unfortunately humans have forgotten to lose the fat in the Spring
- SPECULATION: Low vitamin D might be one of the causes of obesity – several studies
- SUGGESTION: Probably need more than 4,000 IU to lose weight if very low on vitamin D due to
risk factors such as overweight, age, dark skin, live far from equator,shut-in, etc. - Obesity category has
428 items See also: Weight loss and Vitamin D - many studies Child Obesity and Vitamin D - many studies Obese need more Vitamin D
- Normal weight Obese (50 ng = 125 nanomole)
The TOP Obesity and Vitamin D articles are:
- The Role of Magnesium in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Disorders – April 2022
- Vitamin D might a risk factor of insulin resistance, diabetes, obesity, etc. (50 ng) – Oct 2021
- 26 health factors increase the risk of COVID-19 – all are proxies for low vitamin D
- 2.3 X more weight loss in those who had low vitamin D levels and took some – Dec 2019
- Adenovirus-36 is strongly associated with Obesity (possibly prevented and treated by Vitamin D)
- Obesity associated with poor Vitamin D genes (VDR in this study) – Jan 2018
- Obesity is associated with low Vitamin D (and treated by D as well) – Aug 2019
- Obese responded to weekly vitamin D better than non-obese – RCT March 2018
- Daily, monthly Vitamin D had similar great benefits, more than 6 months needed – RCT Dec 2018
- Obese lost more weight on diet if added 50,000 IU of vitamin D weekly – many RCTs
- Lost 19 lbs more if add vitamin D to calorie restriction and walking program– July 2018
- Obesity in 700 young adults associated with a poor Vitamin D Receptor – Jan 2018
- Increased Testosterone and Erectile function, decreased weight with Vitamin D – March 2017
- Obese children – 71 percent had low vitamin D– Jan 2016
- Obese need 2X to 3X more vitamin D - Nov 2014
- Low-level antibiotics causes weight gain in mice (and most mammals) – Aug 2014
- Antibiotics and Vitamin D are associated with many of the same diseases
- Dieters lost 5 more pounds if achieved more than 32 ng of vitamin D – RCT March 2014
- Obese need 2.5 IU of vitamin D per kg to increase 1 ng (about 3.4 X more) – RCT Sept 2013
- Those low on vitamin D were 2.4X more likely to gain weight – June 2013
- Obese have 50 percent less of two enzymes in fatty tissue to process vitamin D – May 2013
- Vitamin D and Obesity: review concludes that D is just diluted by total weight – April 2013
- Metabolic Syndrome 10% less likely for every 4 ng increase in Vitamin D – Jan 2013
- Overweight women lost fat in 12 weeks with just 1000 IU vitamin D daily – Sept 2012
- Weight loss of at least 10 percent resulted in 5 ng increase in vitamin D levels – Sept 2012
- Vitamin D less than 20 ng associated with 73 pct chance becoming obese in 11 years – May 2012
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