Vitamin D levels from lowest to highest: Middle East, China. India, S EU. N EU

Created December 2019

From: Vitamin D status in Africa is worse than in other continents

Lancet Glob Health. 2019 Nov 27. pii: S2214-109X(19)30492-9. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30492-9.

Bouillon R1. 📄 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

Following table includes information from the table in the PDF
Report Location <10 or 12 ng <20 ng
Arabi et al (2010) 9 Iran and Jordan 50%✻ ✻ 90%✻ ✻
Zhang et al (2013) 5 China ~ 37% ~ 72%
Web 2018 India - 56%
Cashman et al (2016) 8 EU countries (adults) 13% 40%
Mogire et al (2019) 6 African continent 18% 34%
Hilger et al (2014) 2 Global 7%✻ 37%✻
Herrick et al (2019) 7 USA 5% 18%

    ✻ % deficient globally is probably higher. - Appears that the population size was ignored - see reference #2 below

    ✻ ✻ Middle East: has dark skin and air conditioning - staying out ot extreme summer heat ==> colds in the sunner

It appears that Asia has far lower average vitamin D levels than Africa ( as well 3.7X more population)

image

1. Some groups in Europe believe that Vitamin D levels as low as 20 ng are OK 1. Varous groups around the world believe that vitamin D levels should be much higher: * 30 ng, 40 ng or perhaps 50 ng see VitaminDWiki Is 50 ng of vitamin D too high, just right, or not enough * * Deficiency of Vitamin D: category listing has items along with related searches** * Extreme Vitamin D deficiency in most low middle income countries which had studies – Jan 2018 * < 10 ng: Mongolia, * Vitamin D level: 27 ng if low pollution, 12 ng if high pollution (Delhi children) – June 2018 * Vitamin D levels are lower than 20 ng in half of the world – Dec 2017 * Vitamin D deficiency is a major global public health problem – Maps Nov 2013 * Vitamin D is low in Europe – 40 percent have less than 20 ng – ODEN Oct 2018 * Most Chinese have less than 20 ng level of Vitamin D - meta-analysis Aug 2021 1. Vitamin D Levels continue going down in most places * Prediction: Vitamin D levels will continue dropping for decades * Vitamin D levels have been crashing since 1995 (Polish Children, Elite Military, etc) * Vitamin D levels are dropping rapidly – what you need to do * There are a great many reasons for the decreasing vitamin D levels - such as * getting less vitamin D from the sun * getting less vitamin D from food * getting less Magnesium needed to get and use Vitamin D * image * Vitamin D levels have been crashing image * Click on chart for details * Vitamin D levels continue to fall in Korea– June 2018 * image --- 1. Overview Deficiency of vitamin D has the following image * Vitamin D levels around the world - DSM review June 2014 which has the following image image --- 1. # In addition: Some groups are at higher risk of having low vitamin D * Obese  Seniors  Dark Skin Pregnant  Shut-in  Recent Trauma or surgery

📄 Download the PDF from VitaminDWiki

References (most of which are in VitaminDWiki)

  1. Bouillon R. Comparative analysis of nutritional guidelines for vitamin D. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2017; 13: 466-79.

  2. Hilger J, Friedel A, Herr R, et al. A systematic review of vitamin D status in populations worldwide. Br J Nutr 2014; 111: 23-45.

  3. Durazo-Arvizu RA, Camacho P, Bovet P, et al. 25-hydroxyvitamin D in African-origin populations at varying latitudes challenges the construct of a physiologic norm. Am J Clin Nutr 2014; 100: 908-14.

  4. Lips P, Cashman KD, Lamberg-Allardt C, et al. Current vitamin D status in European and Middle East countries and strategies to prevent vitamin D deficiency: a position statement of the European Calcified Tissue Society. Eur J Endocrinol 2019; 180: 23-54.

  5. Zhang W, Stoecklin E, Eggersdorfer M. A glimpse of vitamin D status in Mainland China. Nutrition 2013; 29: 953-57

  6. Mogire RM, Mutua A, Kimita W, et al. Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Glob Health 2019; published online Nov 27. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30457-7

  7. Herrick KA, Storandt RJ, Afful J, et al. Vitamin D status in the United States, 2011-2014. Am J Clin Nutr 2019; 110: 150-57

  8. Cashman KD, Dowling KG, Skrabakova Z, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in Europe: pandemic? Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 103: 1033-44.

  9. Arabi A, El Rassi R, El-Hajj Fuleihan G. Hypovitaminosis D in developing countries: prevalence, risk factors and outcomes. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2010; 6: 550-61.

  10. Luxwolda MF, Kuipers RS, Kema IP, van der Veer E, Dijck-Brouwer DA, Muskiet FA. Vitamin D status indicators in indigenous populations in East Africa. Eur J Nutr 2013; 52: 1115-25.

  11. Bouillon R, Marcocci C, Carmeliet G, et al. Skeletal and extraskeletal actions of vitamin D: current evidence and outstanding questions. Endocr Rev 2019; 40: 1109-51.

  12. Hess AF. Rickets, including osteomalacia and tetany. Philadelphia, PA: Lea & Febiger, 1929.

  13. Creo AL, Thacher TD, Pettifor JM, Strand MA, Fischer PR. Nutritional rickets around the world: an update. Paediatr Int Child Health 2017; 37: 84-98.

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Tags: Deficiency Europe Middle East Orient World