Vitamin D reduces: pre-eclampia 1.6 X, postpartum dep. 3.6 X, autism 1.5X etc. - meta-analysis

The influence of vitamin D on pregnancy and outcomes: Current knowledge and future perspectives

Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2024 Mar 8. doi: 10.1159/000538085 PDF is behind a paywall

Zhanar Kurmangali, Bibigul Abdykalykova, Aimen Kurmangali, Danat Zhantagulov, Milan Terzic

Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency worldwide requires the analysis of scientific publications to make recommendations for the prevention, management and treatment of vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women. The purpose of the research was to explore the relationship between pathology and pregnancy outcomes with serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol levels and vitamin D supplementation. A literature search was performed for systematic literature reviews with meta-analyses published between January 2018 and February 2023. 42 publications were selected for further analysis. 24 meta-analyses evaluated associations between serum 25-hydroxycholecalciferol levels on the one hand and the course and outcome of pregnancy on the other. 18 meta-analyses focused on the preventive effect of vitamin D preparations on the development of obstetric and paediatric pathology.

Vitamin D deficiency was identified to increase the probability of

• spontaneous abortion (OR=1.6 (1.11; 2.3),

• preterm labour (OR=1.33 (1.15; 1.54)),

  • especially in multiple pregnancies (OR=2.59 (1.35; 4.95)),

• pre-eclampsia (OR 1.58 (1.39-1.79)),

• anaemia of pregnancy (OR=1.61 (1.41; 1.83),

• postpartum depression (OR=3.67 (1.72; 7.85),

• autism spectrum disorders in early childhood (OR=1.54 (1.12; 2.1).

  High vitamin D levels reduce the risk of

• gestational diabetes (RR=0.87 (0.79; 0.97)), and

• low birth weight (RR=0.65 (0.48; 0.86)).

The target level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D during pregnancy is a serum concentration of more than 30 ng/ml.

Vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy at a dose of 2000 IU or higher is preventive for pre-eclampsia, insulin resistance, and the development of bronchial asthma in early childhood. Vitamin D screening is indicated for all pregnant women. Dosages of vitamin D preparations should be determined individually, considering laboratory tests and risk factors.

VitaminDWiki - Pregnancy Meta-analyses

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