Health Care Systems will save money by introducing vitamin D
100 Largest US HMOs
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1 Kaiser Foundation Health Plan/Northern California 2,722,738
2 Kaiser Foundation Health Plan/Southern California 2,591,555
3 PacifiCare of California California 2,260,334
4 Health Net California 1,378,330
5 Oxford Health Plans of New York New York 1,323,100
6 Keystone Blue Health Plan Pennsylvania 1,308,935
7 CaliforniaCare California 1,297,289
8 Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Massachusetts 1,110,772
9 HMO Blue Massachusetts 938,760
10 U.S. Health Care Systems of Pennsylvania 837,295
11 Foundation Health, a California Health Plan California 809,824
12 HIP Health Plan of New York New York 771,277
13 Aetna U.S. Healthcare New Jersey 767,729
14 Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound Washington 756,233
15 Keystone Health Plan East Pennsylvania 741,637
16 Humana Health Plan Kentucky 698,903
17 United HealthCare of Illinois Illinois 690,640
18 Medica Health Plans Minnesota 690,419
19 Health Options Florida 666,157
20 U.S. Healthcare New York 647,080
21 Blue Choice (Finger Lakes Insurance Co.) New York 566,916
22 HMO Illinois Illinois 561,967
23 Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Mid-Atlantic States D.C. 529,193
24 Humana Medical Plan Florida 518,985
25 HealthPartners Minnesota 517,643
26 Tufts Health Plan Massachusetts 495,715
27 Kaiser Permanente Northeast Division New York 486,729
28 Regence HMO Oregon/Health Maintenance of Oregon 456,347
29 Health Alliance Plan of Michigan Michigan 455,949
30 Aetna Health Plans of California California 452,588
31 Blue Shield of California Access & HMO California 435,944
32 CIGNA HealthCare of California/Southern California 433,836
33 NYLCare Health Plans of the Mid-Atlantic Maryland 433,631
34 Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of the Northwest Oregon 416,479
35 PacifiCare of Colorado Colorado 415,166
36 Physicians Health Services Connecticut 410,775
37 NYLCare Health Plans of the Gulf Coast Texas 409,462
38 CIGNA HealthCare of Florida Florida 402,620
39 Independent Health New York 398,181
40 Triple-S Puerto Rico 378,137
41 United HealthCare of Florida Florida 365,124
42 Optimum Choice Maryland 342,013
43 Intergroup of Arizona Arizona 337,450
44 Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Colorado Colorado 337,376
45 AvMed Health Plan Florida 331,131
46 Blue Care Network of Southeast Michigan Michigan 319,176
47 The Free State Health Plan Maryland 301,883
48 PCA Health Plans of Texas Texas 295,587
49 Harris Methodist Texas Health Plan Texas 295,547
50 HMO Blue New Jersey 293,023
51 MVP Health Plan New York 292,289
52 United HealthCare of Ohio Ohio 288,522
53 BlueChoice HMO New York 275,316
54 Prudential Health Care Plan of California California 269,968
55 Tennessee Managed Care Network Tennessee 269,095
56 CareAmerica Health Plans California 263,114
57 Oxford Health Plans of New Jersey New Jersey 246,800
58 Maxicare California California 245,278
59 United HealthCare of Wisconsin Wisconsin 238,256
60 SelectMed Utah 237,509
61 Community Blue, HMO of Blue Cross/Blue Shield of Western NY 231,912
62 Health Maintenance Plan Ohio 227,362
63 Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Georgia Georgia 227,258
64 GHP, a Coventry Health Plan Missouri 225,507
65 Prudential HealthCare HMO/Mid-Atlantic Maryland 224,950
66 Healthsource North Carolina North Carolina 224,748
67 Blue Cross and Blue Shield of N.C. Personal Care Plan NC 221,513
68 PacifiCare of Arizona Arizona 216,136
69 Lifeguard California 215,518
70 PCA Family Health Plan Florida 213,704
71 Heritage National Healthplan Illinois 211,070
72 Kaiser Foundation Health Plan/Hawaii Region Hawaii 208,170
73 PacifiCare of Texas Texas 206,474
74 PacifiCare of Utah Utah 205,256
75 OPTIMA Health Plan Virginia 205,186
76 Kaiser Foundation Health Plan of Ohio Ohio 204,726
77 United HealthCare of Alabama Alabama 203,753
78 Capital District Physicians Health Plan New York 202,997
79 United HealthCare of the Midwest Missouri 201,809
80 PacifiCare of Oregon Oregon 199,945
81 HIP Health Plan of New Jersey New Jersey 196,721
82 ChoiceCare Corp. Ohio 196,157
83 First Option Health Plan of New Jersey New Jersey 195,129
84 The Health Care Plan New York 193,708
85 Prudential HealthCare HMO/Houston Texas 192,664
86 BlueCross BlueShield of Arizona Arizona 190,583
87 Rush Prudential HMO Illinois 190,396
88 Fallon Community Health Plan Massachusetts 187,785
89 Providence Health Plans Oregon 186,579
90 Care Choices HMO Michigan 186,386
91 Anthem Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Connecticut 185,887
92 Group Health Northwest Washington 185,127
93 United HealthCare of the Midwest Missouri 183,790
94 Maxicare Indiana Indiana 182,234
95 United HealthCare of Georgia Georgia 180,341
96 Penn State Geisinger Health Plan Pennsylvania 180,053
97 United HealthCare of Louisiana Louisiana 179,816
98 HealthAmerica of Pennsylvania/Pittsburgh Pennsylvania 178,575
99 IHC Care Utah 177,151
100 M.D. Health Plan Connecticut 175,021
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HMO penetration tops 70% in largest HMO markets 1999
Commercial HMOs held monopolies in more than a dozen smaller markets, the largest of which is Brownsville, Texas.

Ranking the Nation’s 25 Largest Healthcare Systems by Employees 2010
| Healthcare System | employees | hospitals | future |
| 1. U.S. Veterans Affairs Dept | 207028 | 163 | |
| 2. HCA Inc. | 107157 | 156 | |
| 3. Ascension Health | 77251 | 78 | |
| 4. Community Health Systems | 54400 | 125 | |
| 5. NY Presbyterian Healthcare System | 55048 | 26 | |
| 6. Catholic Healthcare West | 40566 | 39 | |
| 7. Tenet Healthcare Corp. | 35422 | 52 | |
| 8. Kaiser Foundation Hospitals | 34172 | 35 | |
| 9. New York City Health and Hosp Corp. | 33265 | 13 | |
| 10. Partners HealthCare System | 32045 | 12 | |
| 11. Trinity Health | 31567 | 24 | |
| 12. Catholic Health Initiatives | 29123 | 53 | |
| 13. Cleveland Clinic | 27914 | 12 | |
| 14. Providence Health & Services | 26809 | 26 | |
| 15. Adventist Health System | 26504 | 30 | |
| 16. Universal Health Services | 26339 | 68 | |
| 17. University of California | 25947 | 9 | |
| 18. North Shore-Long Island Jewish Hlth Sys | 24966 | 12 | |
| 19. Health Management Associates | 24904 | 59 | |
| 20. Catholic Health East | 24113 | 24 | |
| 21. Sutter Health | 23282 | 35 | |
| 22. University of Texas System | 22732 | 5 | |
| 23. Catholic Healthcare Partners | 21403 | 32 | |
| 24. University of Pittsburgh Medical Center | 20920 | 16 | |
| 25. Banner Health | 19791 | 23 |
The original article has URLs for each: Includes for profit, non-profit, and HMO, 13 of the 25 are religiously sponsored
See also VitaminDWiki
VA showed increased vitamin D associated with lower health costs - Lancet May 2012
Michael Holick – reduce health care costs 25 percent – interview Sept 2010
See also web
50 Largest non-profit hopsitals by number of beds
Top grossing non-profit hospitals
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Presbyterian — $10.19 billion
The Cleveland Clinic — $9.86 billion
New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center (New York City) — $8.06 billion
Florida Hospital Orlando — $8.01 billion
Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (Los Angeles) — $7.99 billion
Stanford (Calif.) Hospital — $6.71 billion
Montefiore Medical Center – Moses Division Hospital (Bronx, N.Y.)— $6.49 billion
Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia) — $5.98 billion
Temple University Hospital (Philadelphia) — $5.9 billion
Orlando Regional Medical Center — $5.71 billion
Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston) — $5.64 billion
Hackensack (N.J.) University Medical Center — $4.83 billion
Crozer-Chester Medical Center (Upland, Pa.) — $4.81 billion
Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital (Indianapolis) — $4.75 billion
Brigham and Women's Hospital (Boston) — $4.58 billion
Vanderbilt University Medical Center (Nashville, Tenn.) — $4.52 billion
New York University Langone Medical Center (New York City) — $4.21 billion
Tampa (Fla.) General Hospital — $4.16 billion
Norton Hospital (Louisville, Ky.) — $4.15 billion
Northwestern Memorial Hospital (Chicago) — $4.15 billion
Thomas Jefferson University Hospital (Philadelphia) — $4.12 billion
North Shore University Hospital (Manhasset, N.Y.) — $4.09 billion
The Methodist Hospital (Houston) — $4.04 billion
Loma Linda (Calif.) University Medical Center — $3.95 billion
Duke University Hospital (Durham, N.C.) — $3.92 billion