Diabetic foot ulcer 1.7 times more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor

Vitamin D receptor gene FokI variant in diabetic foot ulcer and its relation with oxidative stress

Gene, Vol599, 30 Jan 2017, Pages 87–91 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gene.2016.11.012

Negin Sorousha, Mania Radfara, b, , radfarma@tums.ac.ir, Armita Kakavand Hamidic, Mohammad Abdollahid, Mostafa Qorbanie, Farideh Razif, Ensieh Nasli Esfahanif, Mahsa M Amolic, ,

* The worse the diabetic foot, the lower the vitamin D level – Nov 2019 * Diabetic Foot Ulcer patients had low vitamin D (half had less than 10 ng) – July 2018 * Diabetic Foot Ulcers helped by Vitamin D - meta-analyses many studies * Diabetic foot ulcer 1.7 times more likely if poor Vitamin D Receptor – Jan 2017 Vitamin D Receptor category has the following {include} Items in both categories Diabetes and Vitamin D Receptor are listed here: {category} Note: Perhaps Diabetes, like Breast Cancer etc, has learned to protect itself by reducing the activation of the Vitamin D Receptor --- 1. A diabetic foot severity grade from the web

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Highlights

• Association of VDR rs2228570 T allele with DFU in Iranian patients with T2DM is found

• T allele is more frequent in patients with severe DFU based on Wagner classification

• Hyperglycemia causes generation of free radicals which leads to oxidative stress (OS)

• FokI variant correlation with TBARS level was found in patients carrying T allele

Purpose

The patient's suffering and financial costs affiliated with Diabetic Foot Ulcer (DFU), as one of the most important complications of diabetes, are highly undesirable and this highlights the importance of preventive medicine about this disorder. Furthermore hyperglycemia causes generation of free radicals which leads to oxidative stress (OS). Hence, this study aims to examine the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene FokI polymorphism and DFU in Iranian population and also its correlation with OS biomarkers.

Materials and methods

In a case-control study, a total of 212 patients with type 2 diabetes with and without diabetic foot ulcer were included. Genotyping was conducted by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. Samples were analyzed for thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) and ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as markers of OS.

Results

The results indicated a significant difference in genotype frequencies of VDR gene FokI polymorphism in patients with diabetic foot ulcer in comparison to those without diabetic foot ulcer (TT + TC vs. CC p = 0.04; OR = 1.76 ; 95% CI = 1.02–3.05). Moreover, the patients carrying the T allele had a significantly higher level of TBARS (p = 0.01).

Conclusions

We found a significant association between FokI functional variant of VDR gene and diabetic foot ulcer in an Iranian population. Increased levels of TBARS in patients carrying the T allele of FokI polymorphism indicate an association between this variant and OS in patients with diabetes.