COVID-19 1.7X more likely to be severe if low Vitamin D - meta-analysis

Vitamin D deficiency aggravates COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis

CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2020.1841090

Marcos Pereira3, Alialdo Dantas Damascenab, Laylla Mirella Galvao Azevedob, Tarcio de Almeida Oliveira3, and Jerusa da Mota Santanac

• aCollective Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil;

• bCenter of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia, Barreiras, Brazil;

• cSchool of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil

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1.7 X increased risk of Severe COVID-19

There is still limited evidence regarding the influence of vitamin D in people with COVID-19. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we analyze the association between vitamin D deficiency and COVID-19 severity, via an analysis of the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in people with the disease. Five online databases: Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and pre-print Medrevix were searched. The inclusion criteria were observational studies measuring serum vitamin D in adult and elderly subjects with COVID-19. The main outcome was the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in severe cases of COVID-19. We carried out a meta-analysis with random effect measures. We identified 1542 articles and selected 27 . Vitamin D deficiency was not associated with a higher chance of infection by COVID-19 (OR = 1.35; 95% CI =0.80-1.88), but we identified that severe cases of COVID-19 present 64% (OR = 1.64; 95% CI = 1.30-2.09) more vitamin D deficiency compared with mild cases. A vitamin D concentration insufficiency increased hospitalization (OR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.41-2.21)

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Sample

Many clinical trials are underway which are testing Vitamin D to fight COVID-19