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Gestational Diabetes reduced with 50,000 IU of vitamin D every 3 weeks and daily Calcium – RCT June 2014

Diabetologia, DOI 10.1007/s00125-014-3293-x
Z. Asemi: Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, I. R. Iran
M. Karamali: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
A. Esmaillzadeh (*)
Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran e-mail: Esmaillzadeh at hlth.mui.ac.ir

Aims/hypothesis This study was designed to assess the effects of calcium and vitamin D supplementation on the metabolic status of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods This randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed at maternity clinics affiliated with Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. Participants were 56 women with GDM at 24-28 weeks gestation (18 to 40 years of age). Subjects were randomly assigned to receive calcium plus vitamin D supplements or a placebo. All study participants were blinded to group assignments. Individuals in the calcium-vitamin D group (n=28) received 1,000 mg calcium per day and a 50,000 U vitamin D3 pearl twice during the study (at the study baseline and on day 21 of the intervention), and those in the placebo group (n=28) received two placebos at the mentioned times. Fasting blood samples were taken at the study baseline and after 6 weeks of intervention.

Results The study was completed by 51 participants (calcium-vitamin D n=25, placebo n=26). However, as the analysis was based on an intention-to-treat approach, all 56 women with GDM (28 in each group) were included in the final analysis. After the administration of calcium plus vitamin D supplements, we observed a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (-0.89±0.69 vs. +0.26±0.92 mmol/l, p<0.001), serum insulin levels (-13.55±35.25 vs. +9.17± 38.50 pmol/l, p=0.02) and HOMA-IR (—0.91±1.18 vs + 0.63±2.01, p=0.001) and a significant increase in QUICKI (+0.02±0.03 vs. —0.002±0.02, p=0.003) compared with placebo. In addition, a significant reduction in serum LDL-cholesterol (—0.23±0.79 vs. +0.26±0.74 mmol/l, p= 0.02) and total cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio (—0.49± 1.09 vs. +0.18±0.37, p=0.003) and a significant elevation in HDL-cholesterol levels (+0.15±0.25 vs —0.02±0.24 mmol/l, p=0.01) was seen after intervention in the calcium-vitamin D group compared with placebo. In addition, calcium plus vitamin D supplementation resulted in a significant increase in GSH (+51.14±131.64 vs. —47.27±203.63 mol/l,p=0.03) and prevented a rise in MDA levels (+0.06±0.66 vs +0.93± 2.00 mol/l, p=0.03) compared with placebo.

Conclusions/interpretation Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation in women with GDM had beneficial effects on their metabolic profile.

Trial registration www.irct.ir IRCT201311205623N11
Funding The study was supported by a grant (no. 92110) from Kashan University of Medical Sciences.

Changes after 42 days

Vitamin D was given on day 0 and day 21
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Gestational Diabetes reduced with 50,000 IU of vitamin D every 3 weeks and daily Calcium – RCT June 2014        
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ID Name Comment Uploaded Size Downloads
5113 Gestational Diabetes then later diabetes.pdf admin 02 Mar, 2015 972.36 Kb 3453
4076 GDM4.jpg admin 26 Jun, 2014 60.07 Kb 4681
4075 GDM3.jpg admin 26 Jun, 2014 29.59 Kb 4377
4074 GDM2.jpg admin 26 Jun, 2014 68.32 Kb 4747
4073 GDM1.jpg admin 26 Jun, 2014 68.83 Kb 5020
4071 GDM.pdf admin 26 Jun, 2014 213.35 Kb 3194