Vitamin D in baby food and supplements varied somewhat from labels

Created November 2016

Vitamin D concentrations in fortified foods and dietary supplements intended for infants: implications for vitamin D intake

Food Chemistry, online 24 November 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.128

Janneke Verkaik-Kloosterman, , S. Marije Seves, Marga C. Ocké

Majority of the products had the correct amount of Vitamin D There is far more variation between individuals to vitamin D due to gut, genes, drugs, etc, etc Also, there is far more variation of Vitamin D in milk due to fat content See also VitaminDWiki * Vitamin D2 from bread yeast is 4 times less bioaccessible than D2 in milk – April 2016 * Low fat (e.g. skim milk) provides less Vitamin D – May 2016 * Milk fortification of 1000 IU got most children above 20ng of vitamin D – March 2013 * Reasons for low response to vitamin D * All items in category Predict Vitamin D ** items* *

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Highlights

• Foods with added vitamin D contained 50-153% of the labelled vitamin D content.

• Dietary supplements contained 8-177% of the labelled vitamin D content.

• Vitamin D content of 3 of 44 products deviated significantly from EU tolerances.

• Trusting label information only may result in invalid estimates of intake.

Vitamin D in baby food

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Note: The amount is too little to help anyway

Due to potential overages to cover losses during shelf life, the actual vitamin D concentration of fortified foods and dietary supplements may deviate from the label. In this pilot study the vitamin D concentrations of fortified foods (n=29; follow-on formula, baby porridge, curd cheese dessert) and dietary supplements (n=15), both specifically intended for infants, were analytically determined. Compared to the declared values, the vitamin D content ranged from 50-153% for fortified foods and from 8-177% for supplements. In general, both instant follow-on formula and oil-based supplements had a measured vitamin D content similar to or higher than the labelled value. Ready-to-eat baby porridge was the only category in which all measured vitamin D concentrations were below the declared value (74-81%). The use of label information for fortified foods and dietary supplements may result in invalid estimations of vitamin D intake distributions of infants; both under- and overestimation may occur.

Tags: Fortification