Metabolic Syndrome with and without obesity has low vitamin D

Created October 2016

Metabolically Obese Individuals of Normal Weight Have a High Risk of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency.

Am J Med Sci. 2016 Oct;352(4):360-367. doi: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.06.017. Epub 2016 Jul 1.

Wang X1, Chang X2, Zhu Y2, Wang H2, Sun K3.

1 Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.

2 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, China.

3 same as #2, sunkan2015@sina.com

1,292 people :40 years old (Metabolic Syndrome typically is later in life) X more likely be be vitamin D deficient | | | | | --- | --- | --- | | | Normal Weight | Obese | | Metabolically healthy | Metabolically healthy and normal weight 32% | Metabolically healthy but obese 19% | | Metabolically Unhealthy | Metabolically obese but normal weight 18%
abdominal obesity **3.3 X* *
hypertension **3.1 X* *
C-reactive protein **2 X * | Metabolically unhealthy and obese 31%
hypertriglyceridemia **2.6 X* *
insulin resistance **2.4 X* *
elevated C-reactive protein level **2.1 X * | See Also VitaminDWiki * Overview Metabolic Syndrome and vitamin D * Obese youths 2X less likely to develop Metabolic Syndrome if take Omega-3 – RCT April 2016 * Upsurge in Metabolic diseases may be due to low vitamin D – May 2016 * Metabolic Syndrome among obese 4X more likely if low vitamin D – July 2013 Overview Obesity and Vitamin D contains the following summary {include}

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BACKGROUND:

Vitamin D status is related to obesity-related metabolic disorders. We investigated the risk of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] deficiency among different metabolic phenotypes.

METHODS:

This prospective cross-sectional study evaluated 1,292 individuals who were =40 years old. Participants were classified as metabolically healthy and normal weight (MHNW), metabolically obese but normal weight (MONW), metabolically healthy but obese (MHO) or metabolically unhealthy and obese (MUO). The demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as plasma 25(OH)D levels, were compared between the 4 groups.

RESULTS:

The prevalences of MHNW, MONW, MHO and MUO were 32.1%, 19.3%, 17.9% and 30.7%, respectively. Approximately 58.5% participants had vitamin D deficiency, and vitamin D deficiency was more common in the MONW (68.7%) and MUO (73.6%) groups (MHNW, 42.7 and MHO, 50.2%). The MONW and MUO groups had lower 25(OH)D levels (versus the MHNW and the MHO groups). Among vitamin D-deficient participants, the MONW group exhibited increased risks of abdominal obesity (odds ratio [OR]: 3.28, P = 0.005), hypertension (OR: 3.08, P = 0.003) and elevated C-reactive protein (OR: 1.97, P = 0.03). In addition, the MUO group exhibited increased risks of hypertriglyceridemia (OR: 2.57, P = 0.001), insulin resistance (OR: 2.37, P = 0.001) and elevated C-reactive protein level (OR: 2.09, P = 0.003).

CONCLUSIONS:

Individuals who were MONW and MUO had increased risks of vitamin D deficiency (versus MHNW and MHO), and individuals with vitamin D deficiency had worse metabolic status. Vitamin D supplementation may improve the metabolic status of individuals who are MONW or MUO.

PMID: 27776717 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.06.017

Tags: Metabolic Syndrome Obesity