Serum 25(OH)D response to vitamin D3 supplementation: A meta-regression analysis
Nutrition Jan 2014
Sakineh Shab-Bidar, M.S s.shabbidar at yahoo.com, Sandrine Bours, MD , Piet P.M.M. Geusens, MD. Ph.D , Alfons G.H. Kessels, MD. Ph.D , Joop P.W. van den Bergh, MD. Ph.D
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Objective: The aim of this study was to review factors that influence serum 25(OH)D when giving vitamin D3 supplements.
Research methods and procedures: From a comprehensive search of all randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) with vitamin D3 supplementation available on PubMed up to November 2011, we selected 33 RCTs with 43 treatment arms that included at least 30 adult subjects. The achieved pooled mean difference (PMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects models. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses was performed for pre-specified factors, including dose, duration, baseline serum 25(OH)D and age.
Results: With a mean baseline serum 25(OH)D of 50.4 nmol/L, PMD was 37.0 nmol/L (CI:33.0 to 41.0) with significant heterogeneity among studies.
- Dose (slope: 0.006, p<0.001),
- trial duration (slope: 0.21, p<0.001),
- baseline serum 25(OH)D (slope:-0.19, p<0.001) and
- age (slope: 0.42, p<0.001)
independently influenced vitamin D response.
Similar results were found in studies with a mean baseline serum 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L. In sub-group analyses the PMD was higher with doses of ≥800 IU/day (39.3 nmol/L) after 6-12 months (41.7 nmol/L),with baseline 25(OH)D below 50 nmol/L (39.6 nmol/L) and in elderly (40.5 nmol/L in subjects older than 80 years).
Conclusion: This meta regression indicates that a higher increase in serum levels of 25(OH)D in adults is found with a dose of ≥800 IU/day, after at least 6-12 months, and even when baseline 25(OH)D is low and in the oldest elderly.
16 ng increase after 6-12 months of 800 IU of vitamin D
Many people need an increase of more than 16 ng
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